Sensible woman. Cat owners bemoaning the lack of a dawn chorus rank up there with speeding motorists when it comes to hypocritical whining.
Quite a lot of dawn chorus with us though. My daughter has it in for wood pigeons. They sit outside her window and kick off about 5a.m. which is a bit of a shock for a student.
"This is one of those things where we all tend to assume everyone is like ourselves. I haven't the faintest idea how to wire a plug, and I'd be astonished if more than 20% of the population knows." NP ex MP" Probably not the faintest idea how to run an economy either.
Sensible woman. Cat owners bemoaning the lack of a dawn chorus rank up there with speeding motorists when it comes to hypocritical whining.
Quite a lot of dawn chorus with us though. My daughter has it in for wood pigeons. They sit outside her window and kick off about 5a.m. which is a bit of a shock for a student.
Moroccan pastilla. Wonderful dish.
Once recommended it to the long lost TimT whose Moroccan host made it for him specially. Great reports back.
Isn't she just getting in at 5am? Wood pigeon can provide a healthy alternative to the late night kebab.
during term time yes. but at home she's trying to catch back the ZZZs so wildlife is less appreciated. The other thing about pigeons is they always seem to be at it, pigeon porn is a local speciality, with my TV aerial being a favoured spot. I suppose that must be the exhibitionist ones.
'Home secretary Roy Jenkins’s pronouncements on “cultural diversity” in May 1966 began a tradition, Goodhart writes, of “grand liberal statements made by people who know little about what is happening on the ground” '.
Does this apply to electric plug wring regulations etc.
Sensible woman. Cat owners bemoaning the lack of a dawn chorus rank up there with speeding motorists when it comes to hypocritical whining.
Quite a lot of dawn chorus with us though. My daughter has it in for wood pigeons. They sit outside her window and kick off about 5a.m. which is a bit of a shock for a student.
Moroccan pastilla. Wonderful dish.
Once recommended it to the long lost TimT whose Moroccan host made it for him specially. Great reports back.
regrettably Mr P I can't quite get in to pigeon, I had too many of them when I was younfg and it sort of put me off in later life.
OT but interesting. How will the Minister for Energy deal with this?
A London think tank study warned against expansion of biofuel use in the UK as the requirement rose to 5% by volume in transportation fuel on Apr. 15 and faced European pressure to increase further.
Expansion needed to meet two European Union directives raises problems of sustainability, warns a report by Rob Bailey, senior research fellow of the Energy, Environment, and Resources Department of Chatham House.
The current standards, according to Bailey, do not ensure biofuel use is sustainable. And biofuels are not a cost-effective means for reducing emissions from road transport.
Agricultural biofuel use increases the level and volatility of food prices, hurting low-income food-importing countries, Bailey explains. It also indirectly changes land use in ways that raise greenhouse gas emissions, possibly by enough to offset emissions savings from increased use of biofuels.
Bailey says biodiesel from waste products such as used cooking oil and tallow offers the greatest sustainability advantages, but the risk of indirect emissions increases at higher use.
And he points out that UK sustainability criteria address neither indirect land-use change nor food security.
“In the absence of such safeguards, increasing biofuel consumption could have significant environmental and social consequences outside the United Kingdom,” he says. “It is unclear whether such safeguards will be agreed at the EU level.”
UK, EU requirements
The UK mandates biofuel use through its Renewable Fuel Transportation Obligation (RFTO), applicable to suppliers of at least 450,000 l./year of fuel.
RFTO is the mechanism by which the UK plans to meet the two EU requirements. One of those is the Renewable Energy Directive, which requires countries to meet 10% of their transportation energy demand with renewable energy by 2020. The other is the Fuel Quality Directive, which requires a reduction in emissions intensity of transport fuels of at least 6% by 2020.
The two EU directives require that biofuels offer emissions reductions of at least 35% compared to conventional fossil fuels, rising to 50% in 2017 and 60% in 2018 for new refineries.
“Achieving these targets will require increasing UK biofuel use well beyond current levels,” Bailey says.
Because biofuels have lower energy densities than fossil fuels, a 10% biofuel requirement means volumetric targets of about 14% for ethanol in gasoline and 11% for biodiesel in diesel. Most recent UK data indicate ethanol volumes represented 4.1% of gasoline supplied and biodiesel volumes 1.6% of diesel, according to Bailey.
UK biofuel supply has been mainly biodiesel from used cooking oil and tallow and ethanol from corn, with ethanol recently overtaking biodiesel in market share.
Bailey calls current biofuels “an expensive means of reducing emissions from road transport.”
He estimates carbon-abatement costs, exclusive of emissions from indirect land-use change, at $165-1,100/tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).
“This compares unfavorably with an appraisal price of around $87/tonne,” he says.
When emissions from indirect land-use change are accounted for, abatement costs for agricultural biofuels increase to $330-8,500/tonne of CO2e, depending on the feedstock.
“Biodiesel from vegetable oils is found to be worse for the climate than fossil diesel,” Bailey says.
The cost to UK motorists of meeting the 5% biofuel target will be about $700 million in the current fiscal year. The cost in the UK to meet the EU requirements would be about $2 billion/year by 2020, according to Bailey.
@Plato - Whilst the plug rewiring scandal and the play-doh volcanoes are presumably spoofs, I have a horrible feeling that the person complaining that - wait for it, steel yourself for the full horrror of the Tory cuts - the Tourist Information Centre in Richmond, Yorks remains closed, might be genuine. This clearly shows that civilised life as we know it is coming to an end, as a result of the vicious ideologically-motivated cuts which Labour think are both too far too fast, and don't actually exist.
Well I was in Richmond earlier this year and it needs help with tourism as the cafe we had a week snack in was a right old dump. Tsk. Hell in a handcart, etc.
Giroud misses an open goal. What has Podolski done to not be playing for Arsenal? Has he upset Arsene Wenger in some way? He always looks good when I've seen him/
No I don't but by coincidence someone offered me a collage of some swimmers by him last week which probably would have been a good buy but really it was only that it was by him that made it interesting and there's loads of his stuff around.
Eldest becomes Maximus --> Thatcher? Second becomes Major Third becomes Minor --> Hague Fourth becomes Minimus --> IDS Fifth becomes Quintus --> Howard
Re: the Sgt. Pepper album, my father's printing firm printed the album and I wished I'd asked for the litho plates as they might be worth a bit by now.
On changing a plug, the last time I did one it was " Charlie BROWN is a real LIVE wire. GREENS care about the EARTH."
You may rest easy, I found The Brute hiding behind the garden shed and, once he was convinced there were no Ulstermen lurking in the house intent on shooting him, he came in had a rather late meal and has now settled down as normal.
The problem is how to avoid the situation occurring again. Sticking up a notice on the front gate saying, "No Irish", may lead to problems with the authorities.
OT but interesting. How will the Minister for Energy deal with this?
A London think tank study warned against expansion of biofuel use in the UK as the requirement rose to 5% by volume in transportation fuel on Apr. 15 and faced European pressure to increase further.
Expansion needed to meet two European Union directives raises problems of sustainability, warns a report by Rob Bailey, senior research fellow of the Energy, Environment, and Resources Department of Chatham House.
The current standards, according to Bailey, do not ensure biofuel use is sustainable. And biofuels are not a cost-effective means for reducing emissions from road transport.
Agricultural biofuel use increases the level and volatility of food prices, hurting low-income food-importing countries, Bailey explains. It also indirectly changes land use in ways that raise greenhouse gas emissions, possibly by enough to offset emissions savings from increased use of biofuels.
Bailey says biodiesel from waste products such as used cooking oil and tallow offers the greatest sustainability advantages, but the risk of indirect emissions increases at higher use.
And he points out that UK sustainability criteria address neither indirect land-use change nor food security.
“In the absence of such safeguards, increasing biofuel consumption could have significant environmental and social consequences outside the United Kingdom,” he says. “It is unclear whether such safeguards will be agreed at the EU level.”
UK, EU requirements
The UK mandates biofuel use through its Renewable Fuel Transportation Obligation (RFTO), applicable to suppliers of at least 450,000 l./year of fuel.
RFTO is the mechanism by which the UK plans to meet the two EU requirements. One of those is the Renewable Energy Directive, which requires countries to meet 10% of their transportation energy demand with renewable energy by 2020. The other is the Fuel Quality Directive, which requires a reduction in emissions intensity of transport fuels of at least 6% by 2020.
The two EU directives require that biofuels offer emissions reductions of at least 35% compared to conventional fossil fuels, rising to 50% in 2017 and 60% in 2018 for new refineries.
“Achieving these targets will require increasing UK biofuel use well beyond current levels,” Bailey says.
Because biofuels have lower energy densities than fossil fuels, a 10% biofuel requirement means volumetric targets of about 14% for ethanol in gasoline and 11% for biodiesel in diesel. Most recent UK data indicate ethanol volumes represented 4.1% of gasoline supplied and biodiesel volumes 1.6% of diesel, according to Bailey.
UK biofuel supply has been mainly biodiesel from used cooking oil and tallow and ethanol from corn, with ethanol recently overtaking biodiesel in market share.
Bailey calls current biofuels “an expensive means of reducing emissions from road transport.”
He estimates carbon-abatement costs, exclusive of emissions from indirect land-use change, at $165-1,100/tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).
“This compares unfavorably with an appraisal price of around $87/tonne,” he says.
When emissions from indirect land-use change are accounted for, abatement costs for agricultural biofuels increase to $330-8,500/tonne of CO2e, depending on the feedstock.
“Biodiesel from vegetable oils is found to be worse for the climate than fossil diesel,” Bailey says.
The cost to UK motorists of meeting the 5% biofuel target will be about $700 million in the current fiscal year. The cost in the UK to meet the EU requirements would be about $2 billion/year by 2020, according to Bailey.
OT but interesting. How will the Minister for Energy deal with this?
A London think tank study warned against expansion of biofuel use in the UK as the requirement rose to 5% by volume in transportation fuel on Apr. 15 and faced European pressure to increase further.
Expansion needed to meet two European Union directives raises problems of sustainability, warns a report by Rob Bailey, senior research fellow of the Energy, Environment, and Resources Department of Chatham House.
The current standards, according to Bailey, do not ensure biofuel use is sustainable. And biofuels are not a cost-effective means for reducing emissions from road transport.
Agricultural biofuel use increases the level and volatility of food prices, hurting low-income food-importing countries, Bailey explains. It also indirectly changes land use in ways that raise greenhouse gas emissions, possibly by enough to offset emissions savings from increased use of biofuels.
Bailey says biodiesel from waste products such as used cooking oil and tallow offers the greatest sustainability advantages, but the risk of indirect emissions increases at higher use.
And he points out that UK sustainability criteria address neither indirect land-use change nor food security.
“In the absence of such safeguards, increasing biofuel consumption could have significant environmental and social consequences outside the United Kingdom,” he says. “It is unclear whether such safeguards will be agreed at the EU level.”
UK, EU requirements
The UK mandates biofuel use through its Renewable Fuel Transportation Obligation (RFTO), applicable to suppliers of at least 450,000 l./year of fuel.
RFTO is the mechanism by which the UK plans to meet the two EU requirements. One of those is the Renewable Energy Directive, which requires countries to meet 10% of their transportation energy demand with renewable energy by 2020. The other is the Fuel Quality Directive, which requires a reduction in emissions intensity of transport fuels of at least 6% by 2020.
The two EU directives require that biofuels offer emissions reductions of at least 35% compared to conventional fossil fuels, rising to 50% in 2017 and 60% in 2018 for new refineries.
“Achieving these targets will require increasing UK biofuel use well beyond current levels,” Bailey says.
Because biofuels have lower energy densities than fossil fuels, a 10% biofuel requirement means volumetric targets of about 14% for ethanol in gasoline and 11% for biodiesel in diesel. Most recent UK data indicate ethanol volumes represented 4.1% of gasoline supplied and biodiesel volumes 1.6% of diesel, according to Bailey.
UK biofuel supply has been mainly biodiesel from used cooking oil and tallow and ethanol from corn, with ethanol recently overtaking biodiesel in market share.
Bailey calls current biofuels “an expensive means of reducing emissions from road transport.”
He estimates carbon-abatement costs, exclusive of emissions from indirect land-use change, at $165-1,100/tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).
“This compares unfavorably with an appraisal price of around $87/tonne,” he says.
When emissions from indirect land-use change are accounted for, abatement costs for agricultural biofuels increase to $330-8,500/tonne of CO2e, depending on the feedstock.
“Biodiesel from vegetable oils is found to be worse for the climate than fossil diesel,” Bailey says.
The cost to UK motorists of meeting the 5% biofuel target will be about $700 million in the current fiscal year. The cost in the UK to meet the EU requirements would be about $2 billion/year by 2020, according to Bailey.
Oil and gas journal. www.ogj.com
Incorrect targets and incentives for energy ? Surely not !
Comments
"Now tell me what a fourth and fifth brother would be called."
Pains in the a*se.
No.
There were two variants:
Eldest becomes Maximus
Second becomes Major
Third becomes Minor
Fourth becomes Minimus
Fifth becomes Quintus
Eldest remains Major
Second remains Minor
Third remains Minimus
Fouth is Quartus
Fifth is Quintus
There you go.
Probably not the faintest idea how to run an economy either.
Once recommended it to the long lost TimT whose Moroccan host made it for him specially. Great reports back.
Well, well, the things one learns on PB.
How did I ever get by without it?
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/6eea332e-a1ce-11e2-8971-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2QehzQD81
'Home secretary Roy Jenkins’s pronouncements on “cultural diversity” in May 1966 began a tradition, Goodhart writes, of “grand liberal statements made by people who know little about what is happening on the ground” '.
Does this apply to electric plug wring regulations etc.
How will the Minister for Energy deal with this?
A London think tank study warned against expansion of biofuel use in the UK as the requirement rose to 5% by volume in transportation fuel on Apr. 15 and faced European pressure to increase further.
Expansion needed to meet two European Union directives raises problems of sustainability, warns a report by Rob Bailey, senior research fellow of the Energy, Environment, and Resources Department of Chatham House.
The current standards, according to Bailey, do not ensure biofuel use is sustainable. And biofuels are not a cost-effective means for reducing emissions from road transport.
Agricultural biofuel use increases the level and volatility of food prices, hurting low-income food-importing countries, Bailey explains. It also indirectly changes land use in ways that raise greenhouse gas emissions, possibly by enough to offset emissions savings from increased use of biofuels.
Bailey says biodiesel from waste products such as used cooking oil and tallow offers the greatest sustainability advantages, but the risk of indirect emissions increases at higher use.
And he points out that UK sustainability criteria address neither indirect land-use change nor food security.
“In the absence of such safeguards, increasing biofuel consumption could have significant environmental and social consequences outside the United Kingdom,” he says. “It is unclear whether such safeguards will be agreed at the EU level.”
UK, EU requirements
The UK mandates biofuel use through its Renewable Fuel Transportation Obligation (RFTO), applicable to suppliers of at least 450,000 l./year of fuel.
RFTO is the mechanism by which the UK plans to meet the two EU requirements. One of those is the Renewable Energy Directive, which requires countries to meet 10% of their transportation energy demand with renewable energy by 2020. The other is the Fuel Quality Directive, which requires a reduction in emissions intensity of transport fuels of at least 6% by 2020.
The two EU directives require that biofuels offer emissions reductions of at least 35% compared to conventional fossil fuels, rising to 50% in 2017 and 60% in 2018 for new refineries.
“Achieving these targets will require increasing UK biofuel use well beyond current levels,” Bailey says.
Because biofuels have lower energy densities than fossil fuels, a 10% biofuel requirement means volumetric targets of about 14% for ethanol in gasoline and 11% for biodiesel in diesel. Most recent UK data indicate ethanol volumes represented 4.1% of gasoline supplied and biodiesel volumes 1.6% of diesel, according to Bailey.
UK biofuel supply has been mainly biodiesel from used cooking oil and tallow and ethanol from corn, with ethanol recently overtaking biodiesel in market share.
Bailey calls current biofuels “an expensive means of reducing emissions from road transport.”
He estimates carbon-abatement costs, exclusive of emissions from indirect land-use change, at $165-1,100/tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e).
“This compares unfavorably with an appraisal price of around $87/tonne,” he says.
When emissions from indirect land-use change are accounted for, abatement costs for agricultural biofuels increase to $330-8,500/tonne of CO2e, depending on the feedstock.
“Biodiesel from vegetable oils is found to be worse for the climate than fossil diesel,” Bailey says.
The cost to UK motorists of meeting the 5% biofuel target will be about $700 million in the current fiscal year. The cost in the UK to meet the EU requirements would be about $2 billion/year by 2020, according to Bailey.
Oil and gas journal. www.ogj.com
No I don't but by coincidence someone offered me a collage of some swimmers by him last week which probably would have been a good buy but really it was only that it was by him that made it interesting and there's loads of his stuff around.
Second becomes Major
Third becomes Minor --> Hague
Fourth becomes Minimus --> IDS
Fifth becomes Quintus --> Howard
Uselus ->> Cameron
"someone offered me a collage of some swimmers by him last week".
quite avantgarde Roger, this chap Blake sounds as if he has a lot of spunk.
No I don't know him either, but our resident artist does. Apparently Blake is a nice bloke, so don't knock him.
You don't want La Marf arfter yer.
On changing a plug, the last time I did one it was " Charlie BROWN is a real LIVE wire. GREENS care about the EARTH."
You may rest easy, I found The Brute hiding behind the garden shed and, once he was convinced there were no Ulstermen lurking in the house intent on shooting him, he came in had a rather late meal and has now settled down as normal.
The problem is how to avoid the situation occurring again. Sticking up a notice on the front gate saying, "No Irish", may lead to problems with the authorities.